Kowace ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, miliyoyin mutane a duniya suna kallon rana ɗaya: Ranar Cutar Kansa ta DuniyaA Turai da Spain, wannan rana ta zama wurin haɗuwa ga cibiyoyi, ƙwararrun ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya, marasa lafiya, iyalai da 'yan ƙasa, waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarin rigakafi, ingantaccen kulawa da bincike wanda zai iya canza hasashen cutar.
mahallin ba karami ba ne: ɗaya cikin maza biyu da ɗaya cikin mata uku za a gano suna da cutar kansa a wani lokaci a rayuwarsu. A Spain, an yi hasashen cewa nan da shekarar 2030 adadin wadanda suka kamu da cutar zai wuce [adadin da ya ɓace]. Sabbin cututtukan cututtuka 317.000 a kowace shekaraWannan daidai yake da shari'a ɗaya a kowane minti biyu. Ganin wannan gaskiyar, fifikon a bayyane yake: ƙarfafa rigakafi, daidaita kula da cutar kansa, da kuma tabbatar da cewa babu wanda zai bi wannan tsari shi kaɗai.
Sabuwar Dokar Turai kan Cutar Kansa Mai Muhimmanci
A wannan shekarar, bikin tunawa da ranar ya zo tare da bugu na biyar na Dokar Turai game da Ciwon daji (ECAC5), wani shiri da Hukumar Turai tare da Hukumar Bincike Kan Ciwon Daji ta Duniya suka gabatar. Wannan sabon bugu ya fadada adadin shawarwarin da aka yi niyya ga jama'a don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa ta hanyar sauye-sauyen salon rayuwa da kuma samar da yanayi mai kyau.
Jagororin Dokar sun ci gaba da jaddada ƙa'idodi da aka saba da su, amma ba ƙasa da muhimmanci ba: Babu shan taba, kiyaye a Lafiyayyan nauyi, shiga cikin motsa jiki na yau da kullun, bi a Daidaita cin abincirage shan barasa, kare kanka daga hasken rana da kuma bin ka'idojin tantance yawan jama'a. Waɗannan halaye, waɗanda aka samu goyon bayan shaidun kimiyya, na iya yin babban bambanci a cikin yuwuwar kamuwa da cutar.
Babban sabon abu na ECAC5 shine haɗakar da aka yi a bayyane gurbacewar yanayi a matsayin muhimmin abu na rigakafi. A karon farko, takardar ta amince da buƙatar rage fallasa ga abubuwan da ke cikin iskar da muke shaƙa, a birane da kuma a wuraren aiki, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da haɗarin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban.
Wani canji mai mahimmanci kuma shine canjin da aka mayar da hankali a kai: Dokar ba ta sake yin magana ga jama'a kawai ba, amma a bayyane yake ya haɗa da shugabannin siyasa da masu mulkiA yanzu haka, rigakafin cutar kansa an fahimci shi a matsayin wani nauyi na gama gari, wanda yanke shawara game da tsare-tsaren birane, sufuri, muhalli, ko dokokin aiki ke shafar lafiyar 'yan ƙasa kai tsaye.
Ciwon daji na huhu, abubuwan da ke haifar da haɗari da manufofin lafiyar jama'a
A cikin nau'ikan ciwon daji, ciwon daji na huhu Yana da wani wuri mai matukar damuwa. Yana ɗaya daga cikin cututtukan daji da aka fi sani a duniya kuma har yanzu yana da ƙarancin damar rayuwa, galibi saboda yana da alaƙa da cutar kansa. marigayi ganewar asaliA ƙasar Spain, ta zama babbar hanyar da ke haifar da mace-macen ciwon daji a tsakanin maza da mata, wanda ya zarce mace-macen ciwon daji a karon farko.
Manufofin Turai da Spain sun mayar da hankali kan ƙoƙarinsu na rage fallasa ga manyan abubuwan haɗari: taba Har yanzu ita ce babban jarumin jarumar, amma waɗannan ma suna da mahimmanci: radon - iskar gas mai guba da za ta iya taruwa a gidaje da wuraren aiki - da kuma asbestos, har yanzu tana nan a cikin tsoffin kayayyakin more rayuwa. Bugu da ƙari ga wannan duka akwai ƙara damuwa game da yadda ake ci gaba da samun ci gaba a fannin sufuri. gurbatar iska, wanda sabuwar sigar Dokar Turai ta ƙunsa a sarari.
A wuraren aiki, kamfanoni kamar Haɗin gwiwar Duniya Suna tallafawa kamfanoni wajen rigakafi da haɓaka lafiya, musamman wajen rage haɗarin da ke tattare da cutar kansar huhu. Don haka, suna haɓaka kamfen na wayar da kan jama'a, suna ba da shawarwari na fasaha, suna yaɗa bayanai, da ƙirƙirar kayan aiki da albarkatu waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen aiwatar da matakan rigakafi a wurin aiki.
Bikin tunawa da Ranar Ciwon Daji ta Duniya kuma yana tunatar da mu muhimmancin muhallin da babu hayakiKula da kayan haɗari da kuma buƙatar bin ƙa'idojin tsaro suna da matuƙar muhimmanci. Haɗakar manufofin gwamnati, al'adar rigakafi, da alhakin ɗaiɗaikun mutane ne za su ƙayyade ikonmu na rage tasirin cutar kansar huhu a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.
Harshe, sadarwa da kuma hanyar da ta dace don yin magana game da cutar kansa
Domin bikin wannan rana, an kuma jawo hankali ga wani abu da wani lokacin ba a lura da shi ba: hanyar magana game da ciwon dajiHarshen da ake amfani da shi wajen sanar da mutane, tallafawa, ko yaɗa bayanai yana tasiri ga yadda ake fuskantar cutar da kuma fahimtar da ake yi wa mutane game da ita.
Daga mahangar harshe, ya kamata a lura cewa sunayen ranakun tunawa an rubuta su da babban harafi na farko a cikin mahimman kalmomi: Ranar Cutar Kansa ta DuniyaAna iya ajiye "contra" na gabatarwa a ƙananan haruffa ko a rubuta shi da babban harafi na farko (Ranar Cutar Kansa ta Duniya) saboda ma'anarsa a cikin wannan magana, duka zaɓuɓɓukan biyu sun kasance masu karɓuwa.
Idan ana ambaton kamfen, ana ba da shawarar a ƙayyade taken taken. a cikin alamun ambato kuma a yi amfani da kalmar farko kawai, kamar yadda yake a cikin: "Yaƙin neman zaɓen 'Haɗin kai don Abu ɗaya' yana sanya mutane a tsakiyar hankali." An kuma fi mai da hankali kan bambance-bambancen kalmomi waɗanda galibi ake rikitar da su: ciwon daji yana nufin 'wanda zai iya haifar da ciwon daji', yayin da mai ciwon daji Yana nufin abin da ke 'mallaka ko kuma yana da alaƙa da ciwon daji'.
Kwararru a fannin kalmomin likitanci sun jaddada cewa ana maganar «ciwon daji mai illa"" ba shi da amfani, tunda manufar ciwon daji tana nufin cutar daji. Ya fi dacewa a yi amfani da maganganu kamar haka "ciwon daji mai cutarwa" ko kuma "ciwon daji mai cutarwa" idan ana son daidaito. Hakanan yana da kyau a lura cewa daidai jam'i na yan wasa es ciwon dajida kuma cewa amfani da tiyata Kalmar 'tiyata' ko 'tiyata' tana da inganci a cikin mahallin likita na yau da kullun.
Akwai wasu nuances masu amfani: siffa mai tsanani ba ya daidaita da tsanani, serio o importanteSaboda haka, idan ana maganar ci gaban cutar, yana da kyau a yi amfani da na ƙarshen. Hakazalika, al'ada ce a yi amfani da preposition. "cikin" da fi'ili sake dawowa (don komawa ga ciwon daji), ba wai "na." Kuma a fannin kalmomi na musamman, kalmomi kamar oncogene y proto-oncogene Suna da alamar lafazi kuma an rubuta su da ƙananan haruffa.
Dangane da wayar da kan jama'a, duka biyun an yarda da su wayar da kan mutane kamar yadda yi sani don bayyana ra'ayin 'sa wani ya san wani abu', tare da sunayensu fadakarwa y saniYana iya zama kamar ƙaramin bayani, amma yin amfani da harshe da kyau yana taimakawa aika bayanai masu ingancidon guje wa kyama da kuma haɓaka ra'ayi mai daraja ga waɗanda ke ɗauke da cutar.
Kula da cutar kansa: mutumin da ke cibiyar kula da cutar kansa
Bayan bayanai da ma'anoni, Ranar Ciwon Daji ta Duniya ta mayar da hankali kan yadda ake fuskantar cutar kansa. Da zarar mutum ya bar wurin aiki da likita, ganewar cutar kansa Yawanci yana tare da tarin tambayoyi: "Me zan yi yanzu? Me zai faru? Me duk wannan ke nufi?" Daga wannan lokacin, tafiya za ta fara inda buƙatu ke canzawa a kowane mataki.
A cikin Castilla-La Mancha, alal misali, fiye da Sabbin cututtuka 11.000 a cikin shekarar da ta gabata, yana nuna cewa mutane da yawa - marasa lafiya da iyalai - suna fuskantar wannan hanyar a halin yanzu. Kwarewa ta nuna cewa mai da hankali kan maganin likita kawai bai isa ba: kowane mataki na tsarin yana kawo nasa buƙatun. motsin rai, zamantakewa, aiki da iyali daban-daban, wanda ke buƙatar amsa mai rikitarwa iri ɗaya.
Ƙungiyar Kula da Ciwon Daji ta Spain (AECC) ta haɓaka a shekarar 2026 a sabon tsarin kulawa mai zurfiAn gina shi ne daga muryar masu cutar kansa da iyalansu, manufarsa ita ce ta sanya kulawa ta ɗan adam, wato, a sanya mutumin a tsakiyar tsarin kiwon lafiya, ba kawai daga ɗabi'a ba, har ma a matsayin wani abu da ke shafar sakamakon asibiti da ingancin rayuwa kai tsaye.
Wannan samfurin yana ba da shawarar magance ciwon daji a cikin wani cikakkeDon magance ciwon daji, amma kuma don rakiyar, sanar da jama'a, da kuma samar da tallafi na tunani, zamantakewa, da kuma aiki ga rayuwar yau da kullun. A lardin Toledo, misali, ayyuka kamar su kula da gida (SAD) da kuma kula da abinci mai gina jiki kai tsaye, waɗanda aka ƙara su a shirye-shiryen motsa jiki, maganin magana, motsa jiki na kanjamau, jagoranci na zamantakewa, shawarwari kan aiki da shari'a, tallafin tunani da kuma aro kayan ƙashi na ƙashi.
Jin ƙanƙantar da ɗan adam kuma yana nufin tabbatarwa hakkin fahimtar halin da mutum yake ciki don shiga cikin shawarwarin da suka shafi lafiya. Don haka, Ƙungiyar tana tallata na farko Cibiyar Sadarwa ta Marasa Lafiya da Murya, wanda manufarsa ita ce taimaka wa wasu ƙungiyoyi su haɗa ƙwarewar majiyyaci cikin tsarin ayyukansu da kuma tsarin hidimarsu.
Wurare, ƙwararru da sabbin hanyoyin tallafi
Raba abubuwa ba wai kawai ga hulɗar mutum da mutum ba ne. Yana kuma shafar... cibiyoyin kiwon lafiyaLokacin jira, hanyoyin gudanarwa, da kuma tsarin albarkatun kansu duk suna taka rawa. Yanayin da ake samun kulawa yana da tasiri sosai kan yadda ake fuskantar rashin lafiya: samun damar shiga, sirri, hayaniya, da jin daɗi na iya rage ko ƙara ta'azzara damuwar da cutar kansa ke haifarwa.
AECC tana zuba jari a ciki wurare masu sauƙin shiga, buɗewa da marabaAn tsara waɗannan shirye-shiryen ne don samar da cikakkiyar kulawa ga marasa lafiya da iyalansu. Manufar ita ce rage lokutan jira marasa amfani, inganta hanyoyin tura marasa lafiya, ƙarfafa daidaito a cikin kulawa a duk faɗin yankin, da kuma ƙirƙirar wurare inda sauraro da horarwa suma za su yiwu.
Wani muhimmin abu na wannan hanyar shine kula da masu kula da su. Sabuwar tsarin ta jaddada cewa Ba za a iya samun kulawar ɗan adam ba tare da kulawar ƙwararru ba.Shi ya sa ake ƙarfafa horo kan sadarwa, sarrafa motsin rai da tallafi, tare da yakinin cewa sanin yadda ake sauraro, isar da labarai marasa daɗi ko kuma sarrafa tattaunawa mai rikitarwa yana rage damuwa, yana inganta yanke shawara tare da kuma ƙarfafa alaƙar warkewa.
Wannan sauyi a hangen nesa ya fahimci cewa saka hannun jari a cikin ƙwarewar sadarwa da jin daɗin sana'a ba abin jin daɗi ba ne, amma hanya ce ta gina tsarin da ya fi adalci. aminci, inganci kuma na gidaKamar yadda Fernando Jou Rivera, shugaban AECC a lardin Toledo ya taƙaice, yana magana ne game da yin alƙawarin haɗin gwiwa don yaƙi da cutar kansa da sakamakonta, inda marasa lafiya, iyalai, ƙwararru da gwamnatoci ke tafiya a hanya ɗaya.
Alƙawarin Cibiya: Majalisun Birni da Gidan Sarauta sun shiga sahun gaba
Yunkurin neman ƙarin kulawa da jin ƙai da kuma wayar da kan jama'a ba wai kawai ya shafi ƙungiyoyin kiwon lafiya ba ne. Majalisun birane da gwamnatocin jama'a daban-daban a Spain sun shiga cikin wannan shiri. Ranar Cutar Kansa ta Duniya tare da manufofi na alama da ayyukan ganewa.
Misali, a Mairena del Alcor, an haskaka su sosai. kore mai bege Manyan maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da kuma fuskar zauren birnin, wani abin da ke ƙara wa wayar da kan jama'a a ƙarƙashin lakabi kamar #KowaYaƙi da Cutar DajiWaɗannan ayyuka suna da nufin nuna girman matsalar da kuma nuna goyon baya ga waɗanda ke fama da rashin lafiya.
A Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Magajin Gari Carolina Darias ta halarci wani taron da ƙungiyar Spain ta yaƙi da cutar kansa (AECC) ta shirya kan Magajin Garin Calle da ke Triana. Taron ya mayar da hankali kan batun rigakafi, bincike, da kuma buƙatar cikakken kulawaDarias, wanda ke gabatar da jawabi ga marasa lafiya da ƙwararru, ya nuna rawar da Ƙungiyar ke takawa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi a ƙasar wajen yaƙi da cutar kansa, sannan ya jaddada muhimmancin birane wajen inganta salon rayuwa mai kyau.
A wannan ranar, Nayra Moreno, mai fama da cutar kansa, ta bayyana abin da ya faru da ita bayan an gano tana da cutar kansar nono, tana tuna cewa kowace rana wasu Mutane 800 sun kamu da cutar a Spain Labarin cewa suna da wannan cuta. Moreno ya jaddada muhimmancin tallafin tunani, abinci mai gina jiki, motsa jiki, da sauran albarkatu waɗanda ke kawo babban canji a cikin ingancin rayuwa, da kuma ƙimar bincike don cimma magungunan da ba su da tsauri tare da ingantattun hasashen.
A nasa bangaren, shugaban AECC a Las Palmas, Pedro Lara, ya tuna cewa taken wannan Ranar Duniya ya jaddada kula da cutar kansa. na musamman da kuma na ɗan adaminda ba wai kawai aka fi mai da hankali kan ciwon ba, har ma da mutumin da iyalinsa. Ya dage cewa, ƙalubalen shine a sanya majiyyacin da iyalansa a tsakiyar tsarin.
Wasanni da ƙungiyoyin farar hula a matsayin masu magana da fatan alheri
Sanin cutar kansa yana tare da ƙungiyoyin wasanni da na gidaMisali, a Moralzarzal, Majalisar Birni da reshen gida na Ƙungiyar Yaƙi da Ciwon Daji ta Spain sun ƙaddamar da shirin "Munduwa ta Bege", inda ƙungiyoyi da makarantun wasanni suka shiga bikin tunawa.
Duk da cewa ranar da aka ware ita ce 4 ga Fabrairu, babban aikin da ake yi a karamar hukumar ya koma zuwa karshen mako na 7 da 8 ga FabrairuA waɗannan kwanakin, 'yan wasan gida suna wasa munduwa kore A gasarsu da horonsu, wata alama ce mai sauƙi amma mai alama don nuna goyon baya ga waɗanda ke fama da cutar kansa.
Bugu da ƙari, ana gina wani katafaren filin wasanni a Navafría Sports City. teburin bayanai Ƙungiyar Yaƙi da Ciwon Daji ta Spain (AECC) tana rarraba munduwa, kayan bayanai, da taimako na musamman ga duk wanda ke son koyo game da albarkatun da ake da su ko kuma yin aiki tare da manufar. Hanya ce ta kawo bayanai da rigakafi a cikin wuraren yau da kullun, ta amfani da alaƙar da ke tsakanin wasanni da lafiya.
Saƙon da ke ƙasa a bayyane yake: wasanni ba wai kawai yana taimakawa rage haɗarin wasu ciwace-ciwacen ta hanyar haɓaka salon rayuwa mai aiki ba, har ma yana iya zama mai ƙarfi kayan aikin haɗin kaiSanya abin wuya ko bandeji na iya zama kamar ƙaramin alama, amma yana taimakawa a tuna cewa, idan aka fuskanci ciwon daji, "babu wanda yake shi kaɗai."
Sabuwar tsarin ɗan adam wanda aka tallafawa a matakin mafi girma
Gabatar da sabon tsarin AECC na ɗan adam ya kuma sami goyon bayan hukumomi daga Gida na gaskeA wani taron da aka gudanar a wurin Green Patio da ke Madrid, Sarauniya Letizia ta jagoranci ƙaddamar da wannan tsarin kulawa mai cikakken iko, tare da rakiyar Ministan Lafiya, Mónica García, da Shugaban Ƙungiyar, Ramón Reyes.
A lokacin taron, an yi cikakken bayani game da waɗannan: manyan gatari huɗu Wannan tsarin ya dogara ne akan waɗannan ƙa'idodi: cikakken kulawa ga mutum (ba kawai ciwon daji ba), 'yancin kai da shiga cikin marasa lafiya, canjin wuraren kiwon lafiya, da kuma walwala da horar da ƙwararrun ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya. Yana da nufin aiwatar da ra'ayin cewa kula da lafiyar kwakwalwa, zamantakewa, da ta jiki muhimmin ɓangare ne na kula da cutar kansa.
A jawabinta, Sarauniya ta jaddada cewa yin adalci ga mutane yana nufin tabbatar da daidaito, goyon baya da daidaito A duk tsawon wannan tsari, har da waɗanda suka sadaukar da ayyukansu don kula da wasu. A nasa ɓangaren, Ramón Reyes ya jaddada cewa ɗabi'ar ɗan adam ba ta takaita ga canza yanayin cibiyoyin ba, amma ya ƙunshi haɗa kai da 'yancin kai na daidaikun mutane, kariyar ƙwararru, da kuma ci gaba da tallafawa.
Taron ya kuma haɗa da shaidu daga mutanen da cutar kansa ta shafa, kamar tsohon ɗan wasan ƙwallon kwando Carolina Martin, wanda ya jaddada buƙatar haɗa tallafin tunani, zamantakewa, da na jiki; David Mínguez da María Ferrer-Vidal, wanda ya yi iƙirarin cewa yana da 'yancin shiga cikin dukkan tsarin; Mayte Garcia, mahaifiyar wani yaro mai fama da cutar kansa, wacce ta yi kira da a samar da yanayi mai kyau da kuma sauƙin amfani; da kuma likitan Yesu Corral, likita da majiyyaci, waɗanda suka tuna muhimmancin kula da waɗanda ke kula da wasu.
AECC, wata babbar kungiya a yakin da ake yi da cutar kansa tsawon shekaru da dama, ta hada wannan sadaukarwa ga dan Adam tare da sadaukarwa mai karfi ga... binciken cutar kansaTa hanyar Gidauniyar Kimiyya, tana ba da kuɗaɗen ayyuka da yawa, tare da ware sama da Yuro miliyan ɗari don haɓaka binciken da ke ba da damar samun ingantattun ganewar asali da kuma magunguna masu inganci.
Binciken daidaito: kwayoyin halitta, salon rayuwa, da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa
Bikin tunawa da Ranar Ciwon Daji ta Duniya ya kuma nuna ci gaban kimiyya da ke canza yadda muke fahimta da kuma hana cutar. A fannin ilimin cututtuka da lafiyar jama'a na Spain, shirin dabarun ya yi fice. GenRisk, an haɗa shi cikin Shirin Bincike kan Cututtukan da suka shafi Cututtukan da suka shafi Muhalli da Kula da Cututtukan da suka shafi Muhalli na CIBERESP.
GenRisk yana da nufin inganta rigakafin nau'ikan ciwon daji daban-daban ta hanyar dabarun da aka keɓance, haɗa bayanan kwayoyin halitta tare da bayanan salon rayuwa da kuma fallasa muhalli. Manufar ita ce waɗannan abubuwan za su ba da damar samun ma'anar da ta fi dacewa game da yadda ya kamata a bi da rigakafi ga kowane mutum ko ƙungiyar jama'a.
Mai bincike Víctor Moreno, daga ICO-IDIBELL, ne ya tsara shirin, kuma shirin ya gina bisa ga shirye-shiryen da suka gabata kamar nazarin kula da cutar kansa mai cibiyoyi da yawa (MCC-Spain) kuma ya haɗu da ƙwararru a ilimin cututtuka na kwayoyin halitta, ilimin halittar jini, ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuma ilimin halittar jikiA taron shekara-shekara na ƙarshe da aka gudanar a Asibitin Jami'ar Tsakiya ta Asturias, an gabatar da ci gaba a cikin hanyoyin "omics" da aka haɗa da aka yi amfani da su wajen magance ciwon daji na hanji, nazarin ƙwayoyin cuta na ɗan adam a cikin manya (GCAT-Mb) da kuma haɓaka alamun magunguna tare da yuwuwar amfani da su a asibiti.
Wani daga cikin manyan abubuwan da aka fi mayar da hankali a kansu shi ne nazarin biomarkers na metabolism na jini da kuma hulɗar kwayoyin halitta da muhalli, gami da fallasa kamar ruwan da aka yi da chlorine ko shan barasa, da kuma nazarin haɗin gwiwar kwayoyin halitta (GWAS) da suka shafi ciwace-ciwacen daban-daban. Ana kuma haɓaka kayan aikin hanyoyin yin bayani game da kwayoyin halitta da kuma nazarin yanayin rauni na yanki, wanda ke ƙarfafa ikon Spain na ci gaba a cikin daidaiton ilimin cututtuka.
Kalubalen da za a fuskanta a nan gaba sun haɗa da haɗa wannan dandalin haɗin gwiwa, faɗaɗa bayanai da ake da su, haɓaka sabbin wallafe-wallafe, da kuma ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwa da ƙungiyoyin haɗin gwiwa na ƙasashen duniya. Duk wannan da manufa ɗaya: fassara ilimin kimiyya zuwa ingantattun manufofin kiwon lafiyar jama'a da kuma dabarun rigakafi waɗanda suka fi dacewa da gaskiyar kowane yanki da kowane mutum.
A cikin duniyar da cutar kansa ta zama babbar ƙalubalen zamantakewa da lafiya saboda tasirinta mai yawa a fannin zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, da kuma motsin rai, haɗakar rigakafi, kulawa mai tausayi, jajircewar hukumomi, da kuma kimiyya mai zurfi suna share fagen ci gaba. Ranar Ciwon Daji ta Duniya ba wai kawai rana ce da ke kan kalanda ba, amma dama ce ta tuna cewa haɗakar halaye masu kyau, muhalli mafi aminci, kulawa mai mayar da hankali kan mutum, da bincike mai ƙarfi na iya canza yadda muke rayuwa da wannan cuta a hankali.